声调性质作用的再认识与声调教学

Reappraisal of Tone's Properties & Functions and Tone Teaching

本文统计分析了声调对词典词及大纲词中单音节、双音节、三音节、四音节及以上词的影响 ,并结合音节构成分析、语境分析 ,验证了声调远不如声韵母重要。统计结果显示 ,声调并不总是区别意义的必要条件 ,大部分双音节词、绝大部分三音节词 ,以及几乎全部的四音节及以上词并不存在同声韵异调词 ,这说明 :一方面 ,声调不属于最基础的语音项目 ;另一方面 ,声调训练应谨慎地选择典型材料 ,否则 ,将不利于教学效果的实现。本研究对深化语音教学 ,实现语音教学由“语音基础”到“基础语音”的转变有一定参考价值。

This paper, based on the data it gathered, has analyzed the way single-syllable, double-syllable, three-syllable, four-syllable and above words are influenced by tones. With a phonology and context analysis, it has proved that the importance of tone is much less great than that of consonants or vowels. The statistics show that tone is not necessarily indispensable for determining meaning. There are no words with same sound but different tones among a large portion of the double-syllable, most of the three-syllable and all the four-syllable words. This finding indicates that, on one hand, tones doesn't fall into the category of fundamental phonology, and on the other, tone training needs to choose materials with great caution. Otherwise, tone teaching will be negatively affected. This research is referable to phonology teaching reform from the 'phonology fundamental' to 'the fundamental phonology'.