黄河下游输沙及冲淤的若干规律

Some rules of sediment transportation and deposition-scouring in the lower Yellow River

从黄河下游河型沿程变化的实际出发 ,利用建立的河相系数与流量的关系以反映这种变化 ,进而深入研究了黄河下游有关输沙和冲淤的一些问题。诸如上下河段 (游荡性河段与弯曲性河段 )水力因素的对比 ,下段冲刷的临界流量的存在和证明 ,输沙能力的确定 ,第一造床流量与第二造床流量的意义及表达 ,来沙系数的理论基础 ,上、下河段输沙能力对比研究 ,以及游荡性河道整治时应注意上下段输沙能力均衡等。这些问题都是黄河下游输沙与冲淤方面的重要问题。本文从较深层次揭示了它们之间的内在联系 ,将这些问题进行了剖析 ,作了深入研究 。

The relation between channel morphology coefficient and flow discharge has been introduced by the author to express the practical variation of river patterns. Based on this relation a series of problems concerned the sediment transportation and deposition-scouring downstream the Yellow River are deeply studied, such as, the comparison of hydraulic factors between up—and down_reaches, which are wandering and winding reaches separately; the proof of critical scouring discharge at down (winding) reach; the derivation of transport capacity; the meaning and description of the first and second bed-forming flow discharges; the theory background of incoming sediment coefficient; the comparison of transport capacity between up and down reaches; and special significance of equilibrium condition of transport capacities between up and down reaches for the channel regulation. As a result, a theoretical frame has been established for the fluvial process downstream the Yellow River.