作物根系吸水特性研究进展

Research Progress on Crop Root Water Uptake Models

综述了作物根系吸水模型的研究现状、存在问题和研究展望。根据根系吸水源汇项S(z,t)的构造方法不同 ,可将作物根系吸水模型大致分为微观模型和宏观模型。微观根系吸水模型能够描述根区微域内土壤水分运动规律 ,但根系分布的均一性假设和田间情况相差较大 ;宏观根系吸水模型的边界条件容易确定和控制 ,但该类模型忽略了根系微域的水势梯度和其他类似现象。今后的研究应集中在对以往根系吸水模型进行修改与完善、根系过程 (吸水、吸肥、渗流、呼吸等 )

The study status, the existing problems and the research in the future for the crop root water uptake models were summarized in this paper. The root water uptake models were divided into microscopic and macroscopic model according to the methods for processing the source/sink S (z, t) of root water uptake. The microscopic root water uptake models could describe soil water movements in the micro-zones of roots, but the hypothesis for the uniform distribution of roots was quite different from the situation in the fields. The boundary conditions were easily determined and controlled by the macroscopic models, while the gradient of water stress in the micro-zones of roots was ignored. Checking and completing the existing root water uptake models, simulating the root process, such as water uptake, fertilizers absorption, infiltration and respiration, and studying the root system construction, function and distribution should be emphasized in the future.