未成年犯罪的司法救济研究

Judicial Remedy for Juvenile Delinquency

未成年犯罪问题是我国面临的一个突出的社会问题,近年来,未成年人犯罪呈逐年上升趋势。由于未成年人的生理、心理不同于成年人,我国对犯罪的未成年人采取保护性法律制度,实行教育、感化、挽救的方针和教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则。鉴于目前我国法律对未成年人犯罪问题尚未形成完整的法律体系,还没有独立的未成年人犯罪实体法和程序法,需要各级司法机关进一步探索完善未成年犯罪的司法救济体系,比如少年法庭体系,暂缓起诉制度,改变刑事单一化的现状,突破审判单一化的局限,重新确定法官评价体系及法官职能摈弃指定管辖的做法等。

Juvenile criminality is a conspicuous social problem nowadays in China and has a tendency to increase for recent years.Since the juveniles are different form adults in both physiology,our country adopts a protective legal system against the juvenile offenders.In other words,we empoi the guiding principle of educating,reforming and saving them,with punishment as supplement.With regard to the fact that there is neither complete legal system nor independent substantive law or procedural one against juvenile criminality,it is necessary for judicial offices of different levels to perfect the judicial remedy,such as juvenile court system and suspending proceedings system.Other ways includ:to change the state of single criminal,to break through the limits of single trial and to reassess the judge determination system and the judge's practice of abandoning designative jurisdiction,etc.