刑法第三百零六条犯罪主体之探析

A Probe to the Criminal Subject in Criminal Law Article 306

刑法第三百零六条规定的是辩护人、诉讼代理人毁灭证据、伪造证据、妨害作证罪,关于本罪的犯罪主体,刑法明确规定为刑事诉讼中的辩护人和诉讼代理人,刑事诉讼法又将辩护人和诉讼代理人限定在审查起诉和审判两个阶段。这一规定已远远落后于司法实践的发展,事实上在刑事诉讼的各个阶段都存在着辩护和诉讼代理活动,在这些活动中都可能发生具有相当危害性的妨害证据的行为,因此律师在刑事诉讼中的每个阶段都可能以辩护人和诉讼代理人的身份成为本罪的犯罪主体,在立法中对此予以确认也势在必行。

The Criminal Law Article 306 is a change of disturbance in testifying against defenders and law-agents. However , the code of criminal procedure only stipulates that defenders and law-agents exit in two phases: prosecution and judge. In fact, the actions of defending and acting lawsuit exit in every phase of criminal litigation, and the lawyer might jeopardize evidence in all these phases as law-agent. For that the lawyer would became the criminal subject of the criminal law Article 306 as law-agent. So the writer suggests that the code of criminal procedure should be amended at this section.