可持续发展评价模型:生态足迹方法及其应用——以南方丘陵山区郴州市为例

ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT METHOD AND ITS APPLICATIONS ——A Case Study of Chenzhou

从生态足迹的概念、生态足迹的计算模型、生态足迹分析方法的应用等方面进行了综述;对郴州市2001年的生态足迹进行了计算。结果表明,其人均生态足迹超过了它的人均生态承载力。因此,从资源利用的有效性角度来看,寻求资源开发与保护并重,以实现区域资源的可持续利用,将是一项长期的艰巨任务。

The ecological footprint analysis method initiated by William E. Rees, and Wackernagel M, is a popular assessment model for sustainable development. Every person consumes products and services from nature, and has an influence on the earth. The ecological footprint of any defined human population(from a single individual to a whole city or country) is the total area of ecologically productive land and waters occupied exclusively to produce all the resources consumed and to assimilate all the wastes generated by the human population. In this paper the ecological footprint of Chenzhou prefecture in Southern Mountainous Area of Hunan is calculated. The present situation of ecological footprint research is summarized in following aspects: basic definition, calculation models, application of its theory and method. The ecological footprint ledger of Chenzhou in 2001 is composed of three main section. The first is basic biotic resources consumption including its sub-products, the second is energy consumption, and the third is trade balance. The calculation results show that the per capita ecological footprint was 1.431hm^2 and the ecological deficit 0.920 hm^2 in 2001. It is considered that the ecological footprint in Chenzhou is beyond the ecological capacity. In order to increase development capacity, people should increase the utilization efficiency of the resources, change their consumption pattern. It is a difficult task for Chenzhou to protect and develop resources for sustainability.