从云南看近代中国边疆民族地区女学的产生及其影响

On the Formation of Woman Education of China's Borderland and Its Influence Viewed from Yunnan Province

在近代中国边疆民族地区女学的兴起与发展历程中 ,西南地区的云南由于民族众多 ,毗邻英属缅甸和法属越南 ,因而女学的产生和影响具有一定的代表性和典型性。本文以中国整体为理论视角 ,探讨了近代云南女学的产生、发展及影响。认为近代云南女学兴起于 19世纪末 2 0世纪初 ,最早始于教会女学 ,云南自办女学的出现推动了女学教育的进一步发展 ,小学男女生同校及大学开放女禁使女子教育趋于完善。近代云南女学不仅培养了大批女性人才 ,还巩固了祖国西南边疆 ,加强了民族团结 ,在一定程度上促进了云南边疆民族地区传统社会的变迁。同时 ,与沿海和内地相比 ,由于受客观条件的限制 ,近代云南女学也具有起步晚、起点低、规模小、类型复杂、总体水平不高等局限。

In the process of woman education development of minority regions of China's borderland in modern time, Yunnan Province of Southwestern China not only had numerous peoples, but also neighboured British Burma and French Viet Nam. So the emergence and development of woman education was typical. Taking the whole China as a theoretical view, the paper discusses the emergence, development and influence of woman education in Yunnan province. It thinks that modern woman education in Yunnan province first emerged in parochial education during the period from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, and the private woman school stimulated the woman education.That male and female students could study together and that the university was open to the female made the woman education tended to reach perfection. Modern woman education in Yunnan province not only trained many female talents, but also consolidated the southwestern borderland and strengthened the unity of various peoples. At the same time, it still promoted the change of traditional society of minority region in Yunan borderland. But, compared with the coastal and interior regions, modern woman education in Yunnan province showed its limits, namely, late starting, low origin, small scale, complicated types and middle-quality level.