三突花蛛捕食速度的初步研究

Factors Influencing the Duration of Prey-Catching of a Crab Spider,Misumenops tricuspidatus (Araneae:Thomisidae)

本文研究了三突花蛛 Misumenopstricuspidatus在不同条件下对果蝇的捕食速度。结果表明 ,蜘蛛的捕食速度与蜘蛛的步足长度、身体长度无关 ,而与性别、温度、饥饿程度有显著关系。 2 5℃为三突花蛛捕食的最适温度 ,1 4℃和 3 4℃即温度过低或过高时 ,它的捕食速度显著减慢 ;三突花蛛在饥饿 3～ 4d时的捕食速度最快 ;雄蛛的捕食速度显著大于雌蛛。蜘蛛的共存 ,如雌蛛 -雌蛛、雄蛛 -雄蛛、雌蛛 -雄蛛共存 ,对捕食的速度也存在着一定的影响 :2雄蛛共存时 ,各自的捕食速度显著减慢 ;2雌蛛共存时 ,各自的捕食速度变化不显著 ;1雌蛛 1雄蛛共存时 ,雌蛛的捕食速度降低不显著 。

In this experiment, the speed of predation of Misumenops tricspidatus on Drosophila is studied. The result shows that length of body size has no impact on the predatory speed of Misumenops tricspidatus , while temperature , starvation and sex have remarkable influence on the speed of predation of it. 25 ℃ is the optimal temperature for its predation. It slow down its predatory speed under a high temperature of 34 ℃ or a low temperature of 14 ℃.Under a starvation of 3 days or 4 days, the speed of predation is the fastest. The speed of male spider is normally larger than that of female spider. Besides, the coexistence of spiders, for example female and male, female and female, male and male , respectively also has some effect on the predatory speed of Misumenops tricuspidtus . When two male spiders coexist, they both slow down their predatory speeds apparently. On the contrary, when two female spiders coexist, there is not any obvious change on each one. When one male spider and one female spider coexist, the decrease of speed of male spider is significant while that of female spider is not.