大熊猫野化培训圈主食竹种生长发育特性及生物量结构调查

A Study on the Feature of Bamboo Growth and Biomass Structure in Giant Panda's Field Training Area

该文应用样方法、收获法以及地理信息系统技术研究了大熊猫“祥祥”野化培训圈内主食竹种的生长发育特性和生物量结构特征。大熊猫野化培训圈内主要分布有拐棍竹和短锥玉山竹两种主食竹类 ,拐棍竹占 98%以上 ,种群密度两竹种分别为拐棍竹 2 3.38株· m-2 ,短锥玉山竹 4～ 10株· m-2 。拐棍竹竹笋平均地径 1.6 33cm,竹高 198.75 cm;幼竹地径 0 .92 8cm,竹高 2 78.0 0 cm;成竹地径 1.4 77cm,竹高 373.0 4 cm。短锥玉山竹的地径 0 .4 75 cm,竹高 90 .6 5 cm。主食竹种拐棍竹无性系种群生物量平均为 6 .85 5 kg· m-2 ,其中竹笋和成竹生物量最大 ,占总量的 75 % ;不同器官生物量的排序为竹秆生物量 >竹枝和竹叶 ,不同龄级生物量则以幼竹最低 ,仅占 1.4 1%。拐棍竹生物量的垂直分布规律呈现出竹秆随高度的增加而递降的趋势 ,枝叶则表现为偏正态分布。通过各器官生物量的相关性分析表明 ,拐棍竹各器官生物量之间相关性极显著 ,由此建立了地径、株高与各器官生物量的估测模型。

In this paper, the characteristics of the bamboo growth and biomass structure in the Giant Panda's field training area in Wolong Nature Reserve were studied with the sample method, harvest method and GIS technique. The data showed that there are 2 bamboo species in the community, i.e,Fargesia robustaYi and Yushania brevipaniculata (Hand.-Mazz.) Yi.Their population densities of were 23.38 N·m -2 and 4～10 N·m -2 respectively. The base diameter and height of Fargesia robustaYi in different age classes were as follows: bamboo shoot 1.633cm,198.75 cm;young bamboo 0.928 cm,278.00 cm;old bamboo 1.477 cm, 373.04 cm.The base diameter and height,respectively, were 0.475 cm and 90.65 cm in Yushania brevipaniculata(Hand.-Mazz.) Yi. The biomass of umbrella bamboo population was 6.855 kg·m -2 . The biomass among organs were significantly correlated with each other. Meanwhile, the vertical distribution of bamboo biomass structure was analyzed.