废轮胎中试回转窑热解炭理化特性及应用前景

CHARACTERISTIC AND APPLICATION OF PYROLYTIC CHAR DERIVED FROM PILOT SCALE PYROLYSIS OF SCRAP TYRES

采用中试回转窑热解装置对废轮胎进行了热解研究。在450℃～650℃温度范围内,热解炭的产率约为39%～44%,并具有高灰分(12%以上)和高硫含量特性。热解炭孔容积随热解温度升高而增大,并在550℃时达到最大值。在孔径约为50nm处,热解炭的比孔容积具有最大值。热解炭在CO2和水蒸气气氛下,经活化可得到中等比表面积的活性炭(253m2 g～306m2 g),并具有较发达的中、大孔结构。热解炭及其活性炭对亚甲基兰和Pb2+具有良好的吸附性。热解炭作为炭黑使用时,其炭黑特性(结构性等)和硫化胶特性低于高补强N330炭黑。热解炭黑可用作中、低补强性炭黑。

Scrap tyres were pyrolyzed in a pilot-scale rotary kiln reactor in the temperature range of 450℃～650℃. The yield of pyrolytic char was about 39%～44%. Pyrolytic char contains relatively high content of ash (>12%) and sulfur. The pore volume of pyrolytic char increased with pyrolysis temperature and reached the maximum at550℃. The maximum specific pore volume of char occurs at 50nm pore diameter. Medium surface area (253m2/g～306m2/g) activated carbons with relatively developed mecro- and macropores were obtained during activation of pyrolytic char in steam or CO_2. The pyrolytic char and activated carbon exhibit excellent adsorption capacity for methylene blue and Pb2+ from solution compared with commercial active carbon. The pyrolytic char can also be used as carbon black. The characteristics of carbon black and vulcanizate of pryolytic char, such as congeries structure, tensile strength, etc, are lower than those of N330 carbon black. Pryolytic char may use as low grade carbon black and find applications in low grade rubber goods.