如何走出西化的文论话语——从“世界文学”命题的遮蔽性说起

How to Get away from the Discourse of Occidentalized Literary Theories——From the Perspective of the Concealment of “World Literature”

“世界文学”与“民族文学”是相反相成的概念 ,互证对方的合理性。“世界文学”不仅是对“民族文学”的否定 ,而且是对自身的否定 ,只要与“民族文学”相对立 ,就被抽取具体内容而被普遍化、抽象化 ;倘具体化 ,就会转化为最高级的“民族文学” ,这隐含了对其他民族文学的遮蔽。从“世界文学”命题切入 ,可以揭示西方文论的遮蔽性。中国文论成为世界性文论的路径不仅是吸收、拿来 ,更是推出、拿去。

World Literature” and “National Literature” are complementary to each other, and they mutually testify their respective reasonability. “World Literature” is the negation of “National Literature” as well as itself. When “World Literature” is opposite to “National Literature,” its concrete contents will be extracted and become generalized and abstractional. If crystallized, “World Literature” will transform into the most advanced “National Literature,” which implies the concealment of other national literatures. A study of the proposition of “World Literature” will shed light on the concealment of Western literary theories. The way for the Chinese literary theories to become universal is to make them known throughout the world instead of merely taking in the literary elements of the others.