试论西方近代科学精神与伦理意蕴

On Scientific Spirit and Ethical Implication of Modern Science in The West

从 1 6世纪上半叶哥白尼日心说的创立到 1 7世纪下半叶牛顿经典力学体系的完成 ,这是人类历史上第一次重大的科学革命 ,它不仅改变了原有的社会经济和文化的格局 ,而且也改变了科学自身的地位及其格局。这一时期的科学精神不仅包括科学的理性精神即科学的存疑、探索、创新和兼收并蓄的精神 ,而且包括科学的伦理精神即科学活动主体的理智德性与道德德性———崇德精神和坚持将科学造福人类的伟大目标———臻善精神。

The first human scientific revolution takes place in the first half of 16th century and the second half of 17th century. Copernicus establishes heliocentric theory in the first half 16th century. Newton founds mechanics in the second half of 17th century. The revolution not only changes the original social structure of economy and culture but also changes scientific position and scientific structure. The scientific spirit of this era includes not only rational spirit of science but also the ethical spirit of science.