中国部分稻种资源的化感控制杂草潜力评价

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Some Chinese Rice Against Weeds

采用人工气候箱结合田间小区试验 ,从我国部分水稻种质资源中筛选获得了 2份具有化感潜力的水稻品种(系 ) ,其中我国台湾品种蚁公包幼苗对无芒稗根长影响因子RRL为 0 .4 3,其叶片水浸提液对无芒稗和莴苣根长抑制率分别达到 4 5 %和 85 % ,在田间对无芒稗茎数和植株鲜质量的控制效果分别为 2 2 .0 %和 2 6 .1 %。云南品种地谷幼苗对无芒稗的植株高度影响因子RSH和植株干质量影响因子RPDW分别为 0 .6 2和 0 .5 8,叶片水浸提液对无芒稗和莴苣根长抑制率分别达到 5 3%和 6 5 % ,在田间对无芒稗茎数和植株鲜质量的控制效果分别达到 5 1 .5 %和 4 6 .1 %。蚁公包对莴苣的控制效果和地谷对无芒稗的控制效果均显著高于美国化感潜力品种PI31 2 777。

Experiments were conducted in the plant growth chamber and paddy field respectively. Two rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) with allelopathic property against a barnyardgrass \[Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. var. mitis (Pursh) Peterm\] were obtained after evaluating more than 470 rice accessions of rice germplasm provided by China National Rice Research Institute. One is I Kung Pao, a Taiwan native variety, with its R RL (relative factor of the barnyardgrass root length) 0 43. The leaves water extract of I Kung Pao inhibited barnyardgrass root length by 45% and lettuce root length by 85% , respectively. In paddy field I Kung Pao showed inhibitory effect on the barnyardgrass plant density by 22.0% and reduced the plant fresh weight by 26.1%. The other is D gu, a variety from Yunnan, with its R SH (relative factor of the barnyardgrass plant height) 0.62 and R PDW (relative factor of the barnyardgrass plant dry weight) 0.58. The root length control effects were 53% for the barnyardgrass and 65% for the lettuce after treated with D gu leaves water extract. In paddy field D gu markedly controlled the barnyardgrass plant density by 51.5% and the plant fresh weight by 46.1%. The lettuce root length control effect resulted from I Kung Pao and the barnyardgrass control effect from D gu were significantly greater than those from American allelopathic rice PI312777. I Kung Pao and D gu are valuable rice germplasm with allelopathic potential in China.