产科母婴同室新生儿皮疹相关因素探讨

The related factors of skin rashes in the newborns in maternal-neonatal unit of department of obstetrics

目的 探讨母婴同室新生儿中皮疹发生的种类及相关因素。方法 回顾性总结 892例新生儿皮疹发生概率 ,病因构成及与产式、出生体重的关系。结果 新生儿感染性皮疹发生率为 7.1 7% ,非感染性皮疹发生率为39.0 1 % ,两者比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。顺产与难产相比 ,感染性与非感染性皮疹发生率差异均有显著性 (P<0 .0 1 ) ;不同体重出生儿感染性皮疹发生率差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,非感染性皮疹发生率差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论 新生儿皮疹以非感染性为主 ;皮疹的发生与产式有关。脓疱病可在母婴同室新生儿间流行 ,传染途径与医护人员感染、护理不当、产妇胎膜感染、生活用品消毒不彻底等有关。

Objective To evaluate the types and the related factors of skin rashes occurred in the newborns in maternal neonatal unit of department of obstetrics. Methods The relationship between the etiology, rate of each type of skin rashes and delivery way, birth weight was analysed retrospectively in 892 cases of skin rashes. Results The rates of infective skin rashes and non infective skin rashes were 7.17% and 39.01% , respectively, there was significant difference between them (P< 0.05 ). There was significant difference in both infective and non infective skin rashes between normal labor and difficult labor (P< 0.05 ), there was no significant difference among neonates with different birth weight (P> 0.05 ); there was significant difference among non infective skin rashes (P< 0.05 ). Conclusion The majority of skin rashes is infective; the occurrence of skin rashes is related to the delivery ways. Impetigo can prevail among neonates in maternal neonatal unit, the infection routes are related to the infection in health care workers, improper nursing care, fetal membranes infection in pregnant women and non strict sterilization of utensils.