基于东亚飞蝗生育周期的遥感蝗灾监测新模式

Remote Sensing New Model for Monitoring the East Asian Migratory Locust Infections Based on Its Breeding Circle

当前 ,国际遥感蝗灾监测的技术路线一般是爆发蝗灾后受损面积、程度的监测与评价 ,研究灾害的有效预警与预测方法 ,对防灾减灾更具有现实意义。通过连续 2 0 0 1、2 0 0 2年连续实地对渤海湾夏蝗孵化期、生长期和成虫期等 7个阶段的野外观测 ,对蝗虫生境物理和生物依赖条件样方统计、光谱测试和遥感机理实验 ,提出了“飞蝗生育周期遥感三段监测”的论点 ,根据这个论点将遥感监测设计为 3个阶段 :(1 )孵化期水热条件遥感反演 ;(2 )生长期食量猛增遥感监测芦苇叶面积指数和植被盖度变化 ;(3)成虫期寻找新食源对芦苇盖度 (温度 )和地表水条件 ,进而对聚集条件和迁移方向的分析指导灭蝗。有效发挥了遥感连续动态观测的技术特点 ,为建立环渤海湾东亚飞蝗遥感监测体系提供了基本技术路线 。

Currently the function of operational locust monitoring system mainly focus on after hazards monitoring and assessment, and to find the way effectively to perform early warning and prediction has more practical meaning. Based on two years of 2001 and 2002 continuous field sampling and statistics for 7 phases observation of locusts eggs hatching, nymph growth, adults sample statistics and calculation, spectral measurements as well as synchronously remote sensing data processing,we raise the view point of three stage monitor the locust hazards with Remote Sensing. They are:(1) during the egg hitching phase remote sensing can retrieve parameters of land surface temperature ( LST ) and soil moisture;(2) during nymph growth phase locust increases appetite greatly and remote sensing can calculate vegetation index, leaf area index, vegetation cover and analysis changes; (3) during adult phase the locust move and assembly towards ponds and water ditches as well as less than 75% vegetation cover areas and remote sensing combination with field data can monitor and predict potential areas for adult locusts to assembly. In this way the priority of remote sensing technology is elaborated effectively and to provide technique support for the locust monitor system. The idea and techniques employed in the study can also be used as a reference for other plant diseases and insect pests.