细胞移植用于心肌修复——细胞心肌成形术的研究进展

Advances in research on cellular cardiomyoplasty: cell transplantation for cardiac muscle repair

由于心肌细胞的增殖能力很低 ,细胞移植作为一种新的治疗方法用于改善心功能及心肌活力已受到广泛的关注。目前已有胚胎干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞和内皮干细胞在体外诱导分化为心肌细胞 ;动物实验中用于心肌移植的细胞有胚胎心肌细胞、造血干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞、骨骼肌成肌细胞、内皮干细胞、肝干细胞和神经干细胞。其中成肌细胞移植用来改善心肌梗死后的心脏功能 ,已有临床报道 。

Because cardiomyocytes have extremely low capacity for cell proliferation, cell transplantation has recently attracted much attention as a new method to improve the damaged heart function and the cardiomyocytes' activity. At present, it has been reported that the embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial stem cells can be induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes ex vivo. Fetal and neonatal cardiomyocytes, hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial stem cells, hepatic stem cells, neural stem cells and myoblasts have been used to repair the damaged heart in animal experiment. It has been reported that myoblast transplantation for heart failure after myocardial infarction succeeded in clinical trial.