一种基于似三棱柱体元的地质三维建模方法研究

A Method of 3D Modeling Based on QTPV in Subsurface Rock Bedding

三维空间建模方法是三维地勘工程GIS研究的核心问题之一。提出一种基于似三棱柱体元的三维数据模型 ,模型包含顶点、线段 (棱边、三角形边 )、三角形、侧面四边形、三棱柱体元 5个基本元素 ,和点对象、线对象、面对象、体对象、复杂对象、空间对象等 6个对象。设计了 5个基本元素和 3种地质对象的数据结构和它们之间的拓扑关系。以岩体和巷道为例 ,给出了似三棱柱体建模思路和算法。利用内蒙古某矿区实际钻孔资料和模拟巷道数据对所开发的系统原型进行验证。研究表明 ,基于似三棱柱体元的数据模型的优势在于可以表示空间对象的表面和内部结构 ,便于建模和节省存储空间 ,同时便于不规则的自然地质体和规则勘探工程建模。

The method of 3D spatial modeling is one of the core problems for construction 3D Geological Exploration Engineering (GEE) GIS. In this paper, A method of 3D modeling based on Quasi Tri-Prism Volume (QTPV) is proposed. The proposed model is composed of five primitives and six objects. The primitives are vertex, segment (edge, triangle side), triangle, side quadrilateral and QTPV), and the objects are point, line, face, solid, complex and spatial object. Data structures and topology relationship of the five primitives and three geological objects are designed in detail. Taking the rock bedding band laneway as research objects, QTPV modelling methods and algorithms are designed. A set of real borehole sample data, which come from Inner Mongolia China, and a set of simulation laneway data are used to verify the prototype system developed in VC++ program language. The research results show that QTPV-based model has some advantages, for instance, it can be used to describe the surface and interior of spatial objects, it is convenient to modeling spatial objects and save memory, and it is suitable for modeling irregular natural geological bodies and regular GEE at the same time.