滇西北高山针叶林区主要林型下外生菌根真菌的分布

DISTRIBUTION OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI UNDER SEVERAL CHIEF FOREST TYPES IN ALPINE CONIFEROU REGION OF NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN

1985年和1986年,我们在云南西北部高山针叶林内,采用标准地调查和路线踏查相结合的方法,在杜鹃-冷杉林等7个主要林型中进行了外生菌根真菌调查。经对采集标本的鉴定,计有33个属约140余种外生菌根真菌。它们在各种林型下的分布有着一定的规律。其种类组成和分布的多度与林木的组成、土壤和地形条件,如海拔高度、坡向、坡度等有密切的关系。

A survey of ectomycorrhizal fungi was carried out under 7 chief forest types in alpine coniferous forests between altitudes from 3000 to 4000 m. in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province in Summers of 1985 and 1986 by use of method of observation in standard stands. During the 2 years, 26 stands were investigated, which were grouped into 7 forest types. Under these forests were also collected more than 500 higher fungal specimens, 140 ectomycorrhizal specimens and 20 soil samples. There are 33 genera about 140 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi listed under these 7 forest types. Their distribution shows a certain regularity, it varies with the tree species, soils and topographic factors, such as altitude, aspects, slope position and steepness of slopes. The common ectomycorrhizal fungi presenting in all the forest types are those of genera Amanita, Cortinarius, Russula, Lactarius, Laccaria, Cantharellus, Boletus and Suillus, but their species and abundance in the different forests may be different. this paper is also attached a list of ectomycorrhizal fungi and their distribution under these 7 forest types.