大兴安岭西伯利亚红松及其形态学的研究

STUDIES ON THE PINUS SIBIRICA (LOUD.)MAYR IN DAXINGANLING, CHINA AND ITS MORPHOLOGY

经一系列考察研究证实,我国50年代后期于大兴安岭发现的所谓“漠河红松”,应属西伯利亚红松Pinus sibirica,而并非红松P.koraiensis。天然红松实际上不入大兴安岭。西伯利亚红松主要覆被西、中西伯利亚地区。在我国大兴安岭,仅偶见于西北隅,属首次发现。种的鉴定,除根据一般常用形态性状鉴别外,还以解剖镜、光学显微镜与扫描电镜相结合,对针叶表皮上的下陷气孔外口及其在角质层上的印痕,进行了一系列的比较研究。结果发现,西伯利亚红松的气孔外口,乃至表皮细胞,也与红松明显不同,应视为一可靠鉴别特征。

In this paper reports that the so-called 'Mohe Korean pine', found in Daxinganling in the late fifties of this century was proved to be of Pinus sibirica (Loud.) Mayr but not of P. koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. by a series of research and investigation. On the contrary, the P. koraiensis has not distributed in Daxinganling. The main natural area of the P. sibirica is western and central Sibiria. In Daxing anling it only occurs in the northwestern border. That is a first discovery. In identification, the openings of the sunken stomata on the needles epidermis and their prints on the cuticle, in addition to general morphological characteristics, were also studied camparatively by combination means of dissecting, optical and scanning electron microscope. In this research discovered that the opennings of the sunken stomata, even in the epidermal cells, of the P. sibirica apparently differs from that of the P. koraiensis. That could be considred as a reliable diagnostic characteristics.