紫箭竹、缺苞箭竹种子贮藏试验

A STUDY ON THE STORE OF SEEDS OF FARGESIA NITIDA AND FARGESIA DENUDATA

紫箭竹(Fargesia nitida(mitford)keng f.)和缺苞箭竹(Fargesia denudata Yi)是大熊猫全年最喜食的竹种,也是大熊猫主产区岷山山系分布面积最大的两个竹种。1969年在四川省平武王朗最早发现缺苞箭竹零星开花,1975年在四川省的平武、青川、北川、松潘、南坪等县和甘肃省的文县又发现该竹普遍开花,1985年在南坪发现紫箭竹较大面积的开花。这些高山竹类开花枯死后,只有少量能天然更新。在由于高寒山区,热量不足,生长期短,以致这些竹类幼林发育较慢,约15年后才能为大熊猫取食;再加上人为的破坏活动,高山竹类已大大减少,由于竹类的分布不均,使大熊猫处于孤岛式的分布。因此,抢救大熊猫必须研究尽快恢复和发展竹林。而发展竹林的基础是种子,竹类种子在其生长发育过程中,一般寿命不超过一年,属短命种子。

This is one of the serial reports of studies of the main food bamboo for panda. This paper deals with the seed-store methods of Fargesia nitida and Fargesia denudata through different time、location、climate、tool、seed-dressing varied medicines and chemicals ^(60)Coγ rays. For 462 days, the experiment has been carried out 5 times treated in 46 groups with 18400 grains of seed. The results show that store-time is appropriate not more than one year, and the arid and cold location over 2500 metres above sea level is a good choice. Store-seeds can be stored in tile jar with quicklime (about 5％ of seed weight). The moisture of seeds should be keeped in 6—11％. The seeds mixed in thiophanate-methyl、parathion methyl、parathion depterex methyl (about 0.6％ of seeds weight) or radiation treatment dealt with ^(60)Coγ rays (1000 roentgen) than mixed with zinc sulfate (50ppm), the rate of germination is increased by 16—24.6％. Especially it can prolong seed life.