24份加拿大牧草品种引种试验

THE TEST OF TWENTY—FOUR CANADIAN FORAGE VARIETIES IN BEIJING(1986—1989)

1986年我们从加拿大碧青种子公司引进牧草种子24份,其中豆科7份,禾本科17份,于当年秋播。从3年试种结果看,Glory苜蓿、Minto苜蓿、Algonquin苜蓿在北京种植,无论是产草量、种子产量、草质还是适应性均表现良好。Leo百脉根在北京可安全越冬,其特点是夏季生长繁茂,草质好,耐牧,耐践踏。Orbit长穗冰草、Chief 中间冰草、阿尔泰野麦草表现为抗寒耐旱,产草量高,但要适时利用,否则会降低饲用价值。俄罗斯野麦草、Nordan沙生冰草、草地看麦娘、猫尾草产草量一般,但草质好,春季返青早,枯黄期晚,可在京郊西部山区种植。无芒雀麦(2份)、鸭茅、牛尾草、(艹鹝)草(3份)均表现为适应性好,草质优,产草量高,是较好的禾本科牧草。白三叶、草地早熟禾可做为地被植物和草坪草。

Twenty—four forage varieties were introduced from the Brett—Young Seeds Limited, Canada, in 1986. Seventeen of them were grasses and the other seven were legumes. All were sown in the autumn of the same year in Beijing. From the three—year—trial, the following conclusions were reached: (1)The Glory Minto, Algonquin alfalfa (M.sativa) grew well in Beijing with high forage and seed production, good quality, and good adaptability in the Beijing area. (2)The Leo birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) was winter—hardy and grew luxuriousually in the summer season. It also had good quality, good tolerance to grazing and treading. (3)The Orbit tall wheatgrass (Eiytrigia pontica), the Chief, and intermediate wheatgrass (Elytrigia intermedia Nevski) and the Altai wildrye grass(Elymus angustus) had strong resistence to both cold and drought, high productivity, but they shoud be utilized in the right time, otherwise their feeding value could be reduced. (4)The Russian wildrye (Elymus junceus Fisch), the Nordan standard wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorun) and meadow foxtail (Alopecrus pratense L.) had the medium herbage yields, but grew earlier in the spring and withered later in the winter. They could be planted in the western mountainous areas of Beijing.(5)The orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L. ), the Lincoln and Calton smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss), meadow fescue (Festuca praternse) and reed canarygrass (phalaris arundinacea L.) had good adaptability, high quality and productivity. (6)White clover(Trifolium repens L.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) could be used as the cover crop or the turf.