失眠症患者心理健康状况与相关因素的研究

The investigation and study of mental health level and the relative factors in patients with insomnia

目的探讨失眠症患者的心理健康状况、社会支持、应付方式及其个性特征。方法采用症状自评量表 (SCL 90 )、社会支持评定量表 (SSAS)、应付方式问卷 (CSQ)及艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)对 78例失眠症患者和 75名正常对照者进行了测评。结果 ( 1)失眠症组SCL 90总均分 (失眠组 1.72± 0 .5 6,对照组 1.41± 0 .3 7)及躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性因子评分均显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,阳性项目数及阳性项目均分亦显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;( 2 )失眠症组社会支持总分 (失眠组 3 5 .67± 5 .14 ,对照组 3 7.5 3± 4.62 )、客观支持和对社会支持的利用度评分显著低于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,应付方式中的自责、幻想和退避评分均显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;( 3 )失眠症组EPQ的神经质评分显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论失眠症患者的心理健康状况较差 ,多为不稳定个性 ,缺乏社会支持 ,面对压力情景时多采用不成熟的应付方式。

ObjectiveTo explore the mental health level of patients with insomnia and the characteristics of their personality, social support and coping styles. MethodsSeventy-eight patients with insomnia and 75 normal controls were evaluated with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Social Support Assessment Scale (SSAS), Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Results(1)The total mean score and certain factor scores, such as somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and psychoticism,of insomnia patients were higher than that of the controls(P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) The scores of social support sum, objective support and utilization level of insomnia patients were lower than that of the controls (P<0.05). The scores of self-accusation, fantasy and wince of insomnia patients were higher than that of the controls (P<0.01). (3)The scores of EPQ-Neuroticism of insomnia patients was higher than that of the controls (P<0.01). ConclusionsThe mental health level of insomnia patients was worse, with the instable characteristics of emotion and absence of social support. The method they usually adopted to copy with pression was always unmature.