哮喘患儿持续吸入激素治疗对骨代谢指标和骨密度影响

Effects of continuous inhaled corticosteroid of biochemical indexes of bone metabolism and bone mineral density in children with asthma

目的 观察持续小剂量吸入糖皮质激素对哮喘患儿骨代谢指标和骨密度的影响。方法 随机将 4 5例 5～ 8岁哮喘缓解期患儿分 3个开放治疗组 ,吸入糖皮质激素 (布地奈德 )分别为 10 0、2 0 0、30 0 μg/d ,持续 12个月。于治疗开始 ,6、12个月行临床评估和肺功能FEV1测定 ;检测血骨钙素 (OST)、胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)、骨碱性磷酸酶 (BALP)和尿脱氧吡啶 (DPD) /尿肌酐 (Cr)水平。用双能X线骨密度仪监测骨密度 (BMD)。结果 哮喘患儿治疗后临床评分和肺功能FEV1明显改善 ;血OST稍高于正常儿童对照组 ,但无显著差异 ;血BALP显著高于正常对照组 ;血IGF 1水平与同龄正常儿童比较显著增高 ;尿DPD/Cr水平显著低于正常对照组 ;治疗前后患儿股骨近端 (股骨颈 ,大转子 ,Ward′s三角 )、脊柱区域 (2～ 4 )和前臂 (前臂远端和近侧端 )的BMD无显著降低。结论 持续小剂量吸入糖皮质激素对哮喘患儿的骨代谢指标和BMD无明显抑制影响。

Objective To observe the influence of long-term treatment with inhaled corticosteroid on biochemical bone indexes and bone mineral density (BMD) in children with asthma. Methods The design was a randomized, paralleled group study with 3 low dose regiments of 100, 200,300 micrograms of budesonide per day in 45 children with asthma aged 5-8 years old for 12 months. Before inhaled corticosteroid therapy and 6th,12th month,clinical effects were observed and lung function(FEV1) was measured; concentration of serum osteocalcin(OST),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),bony alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and urinary deoxypyridinolin: creatinine (DPD/Cr) were measured; BMD was examined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Clinical evaluation was improved and there was significant increase in FEV1 of asthmatic children. The amount of serum OST was slightly higher,yet no significant compared with that of normal control group. There was significant increase of serum BALP in asthmatic children after treatment; there was significant increase in serum IGF-1 of patients group after treatment compared with in normal children at the same age group; there was significant decrease in urinary DPD/Cr after treatment.There was no significant decrease in BMD before and after treatment at the hip (neck of femur , trochanter of femur ,Ward′s triangle),the lumber area of the spine (L2-4) and forearm (ultradis, distal). Conclusion Long-term treatment with low does corticosteroid dose not restrictedly affect bone metabolism and BMD in children with asthma.