试析西、法北美殖民特点及失利原因

A Brief Study on Spanish and French North America Colonial Characters and Causes for Failure

西班牙与法国是较早在北美大陆进行殖民活动的国家。西班牙与法国在北美的殖民活动各具特点。这些特点 ,决定了两国在北美殖民活动中的失败命运 ,也决定了未来北美大陆的命运 ,为以后的新生美利坚合众国创造了条件和机会。两国在北美大陆的殖民争夺中失利的原因有两点相同 :一是军事上几次与英国的交锋失败 ;二是两国在北美殖民地实行的政策不当 ,特别是宗教政策 ,降低了本国及他国人们移民其殖民地的兴趣 ,造成殖民地居民数量远不及英国 ,不能形成规模及建立强有力的殖民政府和军队 ,从而丧失了殖民地。

Spain and France are two of the earliest countries exploring the North American continent. Each of their colonization has special features that lead to the destiny of losing their colonies. At the same time, it also created the requirements and opportunities of the newly born country, the United States of America. I believe that there are two main causes for the failure of Spain and France. One is the military loss; another is the improper policies Spain and France carried out in their colonies, especially the religious policy which lead to less habitants in colonies and lower fighting force; which brought about unstable colonial policies and the loss of their colonial empire.