用于肿瘤诊疗中的四氧化三铁(Fe₃O₄)纳米颗粒表面修饰

Surface Modification of Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles in Cancer Theranostics

近年来多功能磁性纳米颗粒及其衍生复合纳米材料引起了多模态成像及肿瘤协同治疗的关注。其中四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)纳米颗粒因其固有的特性而能够实现磁共振成像(MRI)、磁热疗(MHT)及药物递送。不同尺寸的Fe3O4纳米颗粒可以通过几种不同的方式制备,并且在其表面加以修饰可以提高生物相容性及肿瘤靶向性能,最终提高MRI成像信号及治疗效果。本文回顾了几种经典的Fe3O4纳米颗粒制备方式及几种表面修饰手段。之后阐述了其在肿瘤诊疗中的应用并且讨论了Fe3O4纳米颗粒仍然存在的问题。为读者了解多功能的Fe3O4纳米颗粒在肿瘤诊疗中的应用提供参考。

In recent years, multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles and their derived composite nanomaterials have attracted the attention of multimodal imaging and collaborative therapy of tumors. Among them, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are known for their inherent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), and drug delivery capabilities. Fe3O4 nanoparticles in different sizes can be prepared in several different methods. In addition, their surface modifications can improve biocompatibility and tumor-targeting performance, which leads to improved MRI imaging signals and therapeutic effects. In this paper, several classical preparation approaches of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and several surface modification methods are reviewed. Then, the application of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in cancer theranostics was described, and the limitations of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in nanomedicine were discussed. This paper provides a reference for readers to understand the application of multifunctional Fe3O4 nanoparticles in cancer theranostics.