三角势垒下的隧穿时间

The Tunnel Time in a Triangular Potential

量子隧穿作为没有经典对应的纯粹量子力学现象,其发生是否是瞬时的,即是否需要有限的时间,自量子力学建立到现在一直是人们悬而未决饱受争论的研究课题。本文通过计算粒子经过三角势垒的Wigner相位时间以及驻留时间可发现:随着波数k的变化,透射相位与反射相位呈两种相反变化趋势,而驻留时间则与透射相位时间变化相同;但相位时间和驻留时间均会出现峰值,且有振荡行为。

Quantum tunneling is a pure quantum phenomenon without any classical analogy. Whether it is instantaneous process or a process with finite time is an intensively debated issue since the early days of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we calculate the Wigner phase time and dwell time for a particle tunneling through a triangle barrier. We find that with the change of wave number k, the transmission phase time and the reflection phase show two opposite trends, while the dwell time changes the same as the transmission phase time. However, the phase time and dwell time both appear peak and oscillate.