基于博弈论的政府购买社区居家养老服务研究

Research on Government Purchasing Community Home-Based Elderly Care Services Based on Game Theory

现代社会老年人不同的、独特的养老需求,需要养老服务不断更新发展。社区居家养老服务机制中需要政府部门、社区居家养老服务机构、家庭三方主体的重要参与,构建三方的博弈模型,分析三方分别的选择可能,以及政府购买、社区居家养老服务机构提供高质量服务、家庭参与监督的影响因素。并且通过激励相容机制,从利益最大化方面分析三方。通过分析总结出政府部门是社区居家养老服务机制的重要主体,政府部门的做法对于机构和家庭都有些重要影响,同时三方之间也是相互影响的关系。文章运用博弈论和激励相容机制的方法分析可以发现机构提供高质量养老服务的影响因素,以及得出家庭监督反馈代价为何种程度时家庭会选择监督反馈,进而对社区居家养老服务发展具有积极作用。通过激励的方式鼓励家庭的参与和监督,以及激励机构对高质量服务的提供,不断的完善社区居家养老服务机构。从而实现政府购买、机构提供高质量服务、家庭监督反馈相互联系的发展机制,为老年人提供良好的社区居家养老服务。

The different and unique elderly care needs of the elderly in modern society require constant up-dating and development of elderly care services. The community home-based elderly care service mechanism requires the important participation of government departments, community home-based elderly care service institutions and families. This paper builds a three-party game model to analyze the possible choices of the three parties, as well as the influencing factors of gov-ernment purchase, high-quality service provided by community home-based elderly care service institutions. And through the incentive compatibility mechanism, the three parties are analyzed from the aspect of maximizing benefits. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the government department is an important subject of the community home care service mechanism, and the prac-tice of the government department has some important impact on the institution and the family, and the relationship between the three parties is also mutual influence. The paper uses game theo-ry and incentive compatibility mechanism method analysis to find the influencing factors of institu-tions providing high-quality elderly care services, and the extent to which families choose to super-vise feedback when deriving the cost of family supervision feedback, which in turn has a positive effect on the development of community home care services. Through the encouragement of family participation and supervision, as well as the provision of high-quality services by incentive institu-tions, we will continuously improve community home care service institutions, so as to achieve gov-ernment purchases, institutions to provide high-quality services, family supervision feedback inter-linked development mechanism, to provide the elderly with good community home care services.