四川省旅游业碳排放脱钩效应分析

Decoupling Effect Analysis of Tourism CO₂ Emission in Sichuan Province

旅游业对气候变化的影响已经成为21世纪的一个重要课题。文章以西部典型省份四川为例,运用“自下而上”法,从旅游交通、住宿和旅游活动三个层面来衡量2006~2019年旅游业碳排放量,并运用Tapio脱钩模型对其旅游经济与旅游碳排放的脱钩状态进行分析。结果显示:四川省旅游业碳排放量整体上呈上升趋势,由2006年的3.52 Mt上升到2019年的5.62 Mt,年均增长率为4.8%,其中旅游业碳排放的主要来源是旅游交通,年均占旅游业碳排放总量的84.56%,其次是旅游住宿和旅游活动,分别占比为9%、6.55%。四川省旅游经济与旅游业碳排放之间以弱脱钩状态为主要特征,即旅游经济增长的同时,旅游业碳排放也呈现出增长的态势,但旅游经济的增长速度比旅游业碳排放的增长速度要快得多。四川省旅游业节能减排应该注重降低旅游交通运输的碳排放量,并通过提高能源利用率、改变游客旅游模式等来推动当地低碳旅游的发展。

The impact of tourism on climate change has become an important issue in the 21st century. Taking Sichuan, a typical western province, as an example, this paper uses the “bottom-up” method to measure the CO2 emission of tourism from 2006 to 2019 from the three levels of tourism transpor-tation, accommodation and tourism activities, and analyzes the decoupling status of its tourism economy and tourism CO2 emission using the Tapio decoupling model. The results show that the overall CO2 emission of tourism in Sichuan Province showed an upward trend, from 3.52 Mt in 2006 to 5.62 Mt in 2019, with an average annual growth rate of 4.8%, of which the main source of CO2 emission from tourism is tourism transportation, accounting for an average of 84.56% of the total CO2 emission of tourism, followed by tourism accommodation and tourism activities, accounting for 9% and 6.55% respectively. The main feature of the weak decoupling between the tourism econo-my and the CO2 emission of the tourism industry in Sichuan Province is that while the tourism economy is growing, the CO2 emission of the tourism industry are also showing a growth trend, but the growth rate of the tourism economy is much faster than the growth rate of tourism CO2 emission. The energy conservation and emission reduction of tourism in Sichuan Province should focus on reducing the CO2 emission of tourism and transportation, and promote the development of local low-carbon tourism by improving energy utilization and changing the tourism mode of tourists.