青春期多囊卵巢综合症的病因及治疗进展

Etiology and Treatment Progress of Adolescent Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

多囊卵巢综合症(polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)是妇科临床常见的内分泌疾病,发病率可达5%~10%。青春期PCOS病因尚未明确,通常表现为青春期人群月经紊乱、雄激素过多症和肥胖等。然而,证据表明青春期多囊卵巢综合征是遗传和环境因素相互作用所致。若不及时采取正确的诊断与治疗,会进一步导致青春期PCOS患者肥胖、多毛、痤疮、月经不调等,远期可能发生不孕及2型糖尿病、高血压、子宫内膜癌等,从而加重此类患者社会及心理负担。现将青春期PCOS的病因和治疗新进展予以综述,以期为临床治疗提供有力的依据。

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common endocrine disease in gynecology clinic,with an in-cidence of 5%-10%.The etiology of adolescent PCOS is not yet clear,usually manifested as men-strual disorders,androgens and obesity in adolescents.However,evidence suggests that adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome is caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.If the correct diagnosis and treatment are not taken in time,it will further lead to obesity,hirsutism,acne and irregular menstruation in adolescent PCOS patients.In the long run,infertility and type 2 diabetes mellitus,hypertension,endometrial cancer may occur,thus aggravating the social and psychological burden of such patients.This article reviews the etiology and treatment of adolescent PCOS in order to provide a strong basis for clinical treatment.