膝关节周围骨折术后凝血状态的研究进展

Research Progress on Coagulation Status after Periarticular Fracture of Knee Joint

膝关节周围骨折是临床常见的关节内骨折,由于其骨折位置特殊,此骨折保守治疗的疗效往往较差,严重降低患者的生活质量,多需手术治疗来达到理想的效果。但由于膝关节周围骨折常发生于老年人的轻微外伤以及年轻人的高能量损伤,其术后的并发症也较多,其中尤以下肢深静脉血栓形成较为凶险,如发现不及时,甚至可以导致致命性的肺栓塞,严重的影响生命。因此及时早期有效的使用抗凝药物就显得尤为重要,但术后血液的高凝状态何时可以形成血栓,至今是一个医学界未攻破的难题。本文就有关膝关节周围骨折术后凝血状态的监测以及及时的抗凝治疗作一综述,旨在为膝周骨折患者术后抗凝药物使用的时机提供参考。

Periarticular fracture of the knee is a common intraarticular fracture in clinical practice. Due to the special location of the fracture, the curative effect of conservative treatment of this fracture is often poor, seriously reducing the quality of life of patients, and most of them need surgical treatment to achieve the ideal effect. However, as fractures around the knee joint often occur in the elderly with minor trauma and young people with high energy injury, there are many postoperative complications, especially the formation of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs, which can even lead to fatal pulmonary embolism, seriously affecting life. Therefore, the timely and effective use of anticoagulant drugs at an early stage is particularly important. However, when the hypercoagulant state of blood can form thrombus after surgery is still an unsolved problem in the medical community. This article reviews the monitoring of blood coagulation and timely anticoagulant therapy in patients with perigenicular fractures of the knee.