经鼻高流量氧疗在呼吸危重症患者中的应用

Application of High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in Critical Respiratory Patients

呼吸危重症是重症监护病房(ICU)的主要疾病之一,临床常采用气管插管及机械通气等氧疗支持,以维持正常的通气及氧合功能。然而传统氧疗方式存在诸多不足,经鼻高流量氧疗因其在提供高流量氧气的同时,可保证氧浓度的稳定,结合其完善的气体湿化、加温功能,可极大改善患者的氧合功能,改善患者的舒适度、降低其呼吸作功等优势,已逐渐进入临床应用。本文就其生理作用机制及其在呼吸危重症患者中应用的最新研究进展作一综述,以期为临床工作带来更多理论依据。

Respiratory critically patients are one of the major diseases in intensive care unit (ICU). Oxygen therapy such as endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are often used in clinic in order to maintain normal ventilation and oxygenation function. However, there are many short-comings in traditional oxygen therapy. High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy through nose has gradually entered the stage because of its advantages such as providing high flow of oxygen, en-suring the stability of oxygen concentration, combining with its perfect functions of humidification and warming, which can greatly improve the oxygenation function of patients, improving their comfort and reducing their work of breathing. This article reviews its physiological mechanism and the latest research progress in respiratory critically patients in order to provide more theoretical basis for clinical work.