结直肠癌的诊断与治疗新进展

New Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

结直肠癌(the colorectal cancer, CRC)是消化道常见的恶性肿瘤。近年来发病率依然较高,仍存在许多早期、中期患者被忽视或延误病情的情况。因此,对于CRC的二、三级预防尤为重要。包括对高危患者行粪便隐血试验OB、电子结肠镜、直肠指诊有利于疾病的早期发现,此外对于确诊为CRC的,应力争提高生存质量,延长寿命,降低病死率。目前,对于CRC的治疗方法包括内镜下切除,根治性手术切除,术前全身放化疗降低肿瘤分期的手术切除,转移灶的局部切除治疗以及姑息切除,全身放化疗、靶向和免疫治疗等。本文结合近年来国内外对CRC的诊断、治疗及预后方面的新研究进展展开综述。

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. In recent years, the incidence rate is still high, and there are still many early and mid-stage patients who are neglected or delayed in their illness. Therefore, the secondary and tertiary prevention of CRC are particularly important. Including high-risk patients with stool occult blood test OB, electronic colonoscopy, and digital rectal examination are conducive to the early detection of the disease. In addition, for those diagnosed with CRC, we should strive to improve the quality of life, prolong life, and reduce the mortality rate. At present, the treatment methods for CRC include endoscopic resection, radical surgical resection, preoperative systemic radiotherapy and chemotherapy to reduce tumor stage surgical resection, local resection and palliative resection of metastases, systemic radiotherapy and chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy Wait. This article summarizes the new research progress in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of CRC at home and abroad in recent years.