术后谵妄研究进展

Research Progress of Postoperative Delirium

术后谵妄(POD)是老年患者最常见的手术后并发症之一,其严重影响患者恢复,与远期认知功能损害相关,甚至可增加死亡率。POD的发生与多种因素相关,且目前尚无特异性药物治疗,这要求麻醉医师应根据患者个体情况做到早期识别、尽早干预,采取多模式的预防及干预措施,从而避免POD的发生进展。本文对POD的发病机制、危险因素、诊断、预防和干预措施进行综述,以期为POD的临床诊疗提供参考。

Postoperative delirium (POD) is one of the most common postoperative complications in elderly patients, which seriously affects patient recovery, is associated with long-term cognitive impairment, and may even increase mortality. The occurrence of POD is associated with a variety of factors, and there is currently no specific drug therapy, which requires anesthesiologists to achieve early recognition and early intervention according to the individual situation of patients, and to take multi-mode prevention and intervention measures to avoid the occurrence and progression of POD. In this paper, the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and intervention measures of POD were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of POD.