糖尿病性黄斑水肿发病机制研究进展

Advances in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Macular Edema

随着全球糖尿病发病率的急剧上升,糖尿病性视网膜病变的患者在未来的几十年将继续增加。糖尿病性黄斑水肿(diabetic macular edema, DME)是导致糖尿病性视网膜病变患者视力下降的重要原因之一,其发生发展的机制复杂多样,但具体机制尚未明确。玻璃体腔内抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)治疗已成为DME的一线治疗方法,但临床中抗VEGF治疗对部分DME患者无效,这一发现表明除了VEGF还有其他因素参与DME的发生发展。故急需我们明确DME的发病机制,研究有效的治疗方法。本综述旨在归纳糖尿病性黄斑水肿发病机制的相关文献,对可能的发病机制进行总结。

With the global incidence of diabetes increasing dramatically, the number of cases of diabetic retinopathy will continue to increase in the coming decades. Diabetic Macular Edema is one of the most important causes of visual impairment in diabetic retinopathy, and its mechanisms are complex and varied, but the specific mechanisms are still unclear. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy has become the first-line treatment for DME, but it is ineffective for some patients in clinical practice. This finding suggests that other factors besides VEGF are involved in the occurrence and development of DME. Therefore, it is urgent for us to clarify the pathogenesis of DME and study effective treatment methods. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature on the pathogenesis of diabetic macular edema and to summarize the possible pathogenesis.