干扰素基因刺激蛋白在抗病毒感染免疫的机制

Stimulator of Interferon Genes in the Mechanism of Immunity to Antiviral Infection

天然免疫也称固有免疫,是免疫系统的一个分支,亦是宿主抵御外界病毒感染的第一道防线。宿主可以通过模式识别受体(Pattern recognition receptors, PRRs)识别病原体相关的分子模式,进而启动抗病毒免疫反应。而干扰素基因刺激蛋白(Stimulator of interferon genes, STING)是固有免疫反应中一个重要分子,其作为下游信号级联反应重要组成部分,诱导I型/III型干扰素等多种免疫细胞因子以及成百上千种干扰素诱导基因(Interferon stimulated gene, ISG)的转录与表达。最终导致一系列炎性因子以及干扰因素的表达和分泌。其中炎性因子能够进一步激活天然免疫细胞,引发炎症反应以及启动适应性免疫应答;而干扰因素在机体中具有抗病毒、抗细菌、抗肿瘤和免疫调节的作用。本文就STING在抗病毒感染免疫调控过程中的作用进行简要综述。

Natural immunity, also known as innate immunity, is a branch of the immune system, but also the host against external virus infection of the first line of defense. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and initiate an antiviral immune response. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an important molecule in innate immune response. As an important part of downstream signaling cascades, it induces the transcription and expression of Interferon stimulated gene (ISG) as well as a variety of immune cytokines such as type I and type III interferon. Finally, a series of inflammatory factors and interference factors are expressed and se-creted. Inflammatory factors can further activate natural immune cells, trigger inflammatory re-sponses and initiate adaptive immune responses. Interference factors in the body have antiviral, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects. This paper briefly reviews the role of STING in immune regulation of antiviral infection.