氯胺酮及艾司氯胺酮对围手术期神经认知功能影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of Ketamine and Esketamine on Perioperative Neurocognitive Function

氯胺酮是一种非竞争性NMDA受体拮抗剂,作为麻醉药已有很长历史。近年来,有研究表明氯胺酮具有神经保护作用,可以改善患者术后认知功能。而艾司氯胺酮是氯胺酮的右旋异构体,具有和氯胺酮相似的药理作用,但与氯胺酮相比,其安全性更高,且产生相同药理作用的剂量仅为氯胺酮的一半,不良反应更少。本文就氯胺酮及艾司氯胺酮对围术期神经认知功能影响的研究进展作一综述。

Ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with a long history as an anesthetic. In recent years, studies have shown that ketamine has neuroprotective effects and can improve post-operative cognitive function of patients. Esketamine is a dextrorotone of ketamine, with similar pharmacological effects, but compared with ketamine, its safety is higher, and the dose of the same pharmacological effects of ketamine is only half of ketamine, with fewer adverse reactions. This ar-ticle reviews the research progress of the effects of ketamine and esketamine on perioperative neurocognitive function.