先兆子痫的发病机理与胎盘的相关性研究

Study on the Relationship between the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia and the Placenta

先兆子痫(PE)为一种严重的妊娠并发症之一,通常在妊娠20周后开始,发病率为5%~7%,除典型的高血压和蛋白尿症状外常合并肝肾肺等器官功能受限,甚至死亡。该疾病可能与孕妇胎盘早期发育异常高度相关,包括:胎盘细胞滋养层的氧化还原状态、螺旋动脉的异常重塑及血管内皮细胞生长因子受体(Flt-1)水平增加等。上述三种因素互为因果,其中Flt-1已作为诊断PE的敏感指标。现有研究表明,Flt-1适量表达可能在PE妊娠中发挥保护作用,这为PE的治疗提供了新的思路。本文就PE的发病机理与胎盘的相关性研究作一综述。

Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the serious pregnancy complications that usually begins after 20 weeks of gestation, with an incidence of 5%~7%. In addition to the typical symptoms of hypertension and proteinuria, it is often complicated by liver, kidney, lung and other organ function limitations, and even death. The disease may be highly associated with abnormal early placental development in pregnant women, including: redox status of placental cytotrophoblast, abnormal remodeling of spiral arteries, and increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (Flt-1). The above three factors are mutually causal, and Flt-1 has been used as a sensitive indicator for the diagnosis of PE. Existing studies have shown that appropriate expression of Flt-1 may play a protective role in PE pregnancy, which provides a new idea for the treatment of PE. This paper reviews the correlation between the pathogenesis of PE and placenta.