人工智能在前列腺癌早期诊断中的研究进展

Research Progress of Artificial Intelligence in Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

目前,前列腺癌早期诊断主要依赖于多参数核磁共振(Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging, mpMRI)的图像鉴定以及Gleason分级上,但由于临床医生主观差异导致前列腺癌的诊断不足或过度诊断,因此前列腺癌诊断效能亟需提升。人工智能(artificial intelligence, AI),尤其是机器学习和深度学习近年来在医疗领域得到快速发展。因此本文综述了AI技术在前列腺癌早期诊断的研究进展。首先概述了AI技术的相关研究方法,其次综合分析了AI技术在前列腺癌mpMRI行病变检测及分类以及前列腺活检后Gleason分级中的研究进展,最后阐述了AI在医疗领域的未来发展方向。

At present, the early diagnosis of prostate cancer mainly relies on the image identification of Mul-tiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI) and the Gleason classification. However, there is an urgent demand to improve the diagnostic efficacy of prostate cancer because of subjective dif-ferences among clinicians leading to under- or over-diagnosis of prostate cancer. Artificial intelli-gence (AI), especially machine learning and deep learning, has developed rapidly in the medical field in recent years. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of AI technology in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. First, the related research methods of AI technology are summa-rized, and then the research progress of AI technology in mpMRI lesion detection and classification of prostate cancer and Gleason grading after prostate biopsy is comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the future development direction of AI in the medical field is expounded.