全科医生在脑卒中社区防治的现状及策略研究

Current Status and Strategies of General Practitioners in Stroke Prevention and Treatment in the Community

脑卒中是我国居民死亡的主要病因,也是严重危害国民健康的重大慢性疾病之一。脑卒中具有高发病率、高死亡率、高致残率和高复发率的特点,给患者、家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。目前,很多国家已经以社区的基本医疗服务为基础,建立了从脑卒中的急性期救治到慢性期管理的全程多学科管理模式,依托全科医生、神经科医生和理疗师共同为患者提供治疗方案。所以全科医生如何正确地识别出脑卒中患者,并为其提供持续性、综合性、个体化的管理具有重要的意义。全科医生作为医疗健康的“守门人”,应该熟练地掌握脑卒中的预防、高危人群识别和患者长期的管理。但目前我国全科医生在脑卒中社区防治中的现状不容乐观。本文通过对我国脑卒中社区防治的现况进行回顾,并提出进一步优化全科医生在脑卒中社区防治中的策略和建议,为构建脑卒中的社区防治体系提供理论依据。

Stroke is the leading cause of death in China and one of the major chronic diseases that seriously endanger national health. Stroke is characterized by high morbidity, mortality, disability, and re-currence rates, placing a heavy burden on patients, families, and society. Currently, many countries have established a full multidisciplinary management model based on primary care services in the community, from the acute phase of stroke treatment to the chronic phase management, relying on general practitioners, neurologists and physiotherapists to work together to provide treat- ment plans for patients. Therefore, it is important for Community General Practitioner to correctly iden-tify stroke patients and provide continuous, comprehensive and individualized management for them. As the “gatekeepers” of medical health, Community General Practitioner should be skilled in stroke prevention, identification of high-risk groups and long-term management of patients. How-ever, the current situation of general practitioners in stroke community prevention and treatment in China is not optimistic. In this paper, we review the current situation of stroke community pre-vention and treatment in China, and propose strategies and recommendations to further optimize the role of general practitioners in stroke community prevention and treatment, so as to provide a theoretical basis for building a community prevention and treatment system for stroke.