经鼻高流量氧疗在呼吸系统疾病中的应用进展

The Application Progress of HFNC in Respiratory Diseases

经鼻高流量氧疗(HFNC)是通过空氧混合装置将可调节高流量高浓度、恒温加湿的氧气输送至患者端的氧疗方式,在呼吸系统疾病中的治疗效果明显优于一般氧疗(如鼻导管、面罩给氧等),且在某些方面可替代甚至优于无创辅助通气,目前在临床上已广泛应用,但是仍有部分适应症需更多循证医学依据,同时未纳入医保、费用较高导致在基层医院的应用受到一定限制。本文将从HFNC的主要构造、工作原理、生理学效应及在呼吸系统疾病中的应用进行综述。

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an oxygen therapy method that delivers adjustable high-flow, high-concentration, constant temperature and humidified oxygen to the patient with an air-oxygen mixing device. The therapeutic effect in respiratory diseases is obviously better than that of general oxygen therapy (such as nasal cannula, mask oxygen, etc.), and it can replace or even be superior to non-invasive ventilation in some respects. HFNC is now widely used in clinic, but there are still some indications that require more evidence-based medical evidence, while the lack of health insurance coverage and high costs have limited its use in primary care. This article will review the main structure, working principle, physiological effect and application of HFNC in respiratory diseases.