DAP12介导小胶质细胞活化在神经系统中作用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Role of DAP12 Mediated Microglia Activation in Nervous System

DNAX活化蛋白12 (DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa, DAP12)是一种I型跨膜蛋白,在中枢神经系统(Central Nervous System, CNS)中主要表达于小胶质细胞,是将小胶质细胞从稳态转变为神经疾病相关状态的主要调节因子。DAP12信号通路可以通过调节小胶质细胞活性,参与许多神经系统疾病的免疫病理机制,如Nasu-Hakola病、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、缺血性卒中和神经病理性疼痛等,而且在不同疾病模型中发挥不同的调节作用。本文将就DAP12介导的小胶质细胞活化对神经系统生长发育以及神经系统疾病的调节机制进行深入阐述。

DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa (DAP12) is a type I transmembrane adapter protein mainly ex-pressed in microglia in Central Nervous System (CNS), which is a major regulator of the transition of microglia from homeostasis to a neuropathy-related state. DAP12 signaling pathway is involved in immunopathological mechanisms of many nervous system disease by regulating microglia activity, such as Nasu-Hakola disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, ischemic stroke and neuropathic pain. And it plays different regulatory roles in different disease models. In this paper, DAP12-mediated microglia activation will be further elaborated on the growth and development of the nervous system and the regulatory mechanism of neurological diseases.