非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效预测标志物研究进展

Research Progress in Prognostic Markers of Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

近年来免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitor, ICIs)在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的治疗中取得了巨大的进展,NSCLC的免疫治疗已成为继手术、化疗、放疗后的标准治疗方法之一,但只有部分NSCLC患者能从ICIs治疗中获益,因此,迫切需要探索出能够预测ICIs疗效的生物标志物,为临床优势人群的筛选提供依据。肿瘤程序性死亡配体-1 (programmed cell death ligand 1, PD-L1)是免疫治疗中最早进行探索的指标,对于免疫治疗的疗效展现出一定的预测作用,但具有一定的局限性,其他生物标志物也展现出一定的预测作用,例如肿瘤突变负荷(tumor muta-tion burden, TMB)、肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment, TME)、微卫星不稳定/错配基因修复(microsatellite instability/mismatch repair, MSI/MMR)、肠道微生物群等。本文就不同指标在NSCLC免疫治疗的疗效预测价值展开探讨。

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have made great progress in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Immunotherapy of NSCLC has become one of the standard treatment methods following surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, only some NSCLC patients benefit from ICIs treatment. Therefore, it is urgent to explore biomarkers that can predict the effi-cacy of ICIs and provide a basis for screening the population with clinical advantage. Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the first explored indicator in immunotherapy, showing a certain pre-dictive role for the efficacy of immunotherapy, but with certain limitations. Other biomarkers have also been shown to be predictive, such as tumor mutation burden (TMB), tumor microenvironment (TME), microsatellite instability/mismatch repair (MSI/MMR), intestinal microflora, etc. In this study, we explored efficacy prediction value of different indicators in NSCLC immunotherapy.