膜性肾病生物标志物的研究进展

Advances in Biomarkers of Membranous Nephropathy

特发性膜性肾病(idiopathic membranous nephropathy, IMN)是一种常见的免疫性肾脏疾病,是成人终末期肾病的重要病因之一。及时诊断、规范治疗和定期随访关乎患者预后。关于M型磷脂酶A2受体和1型血小板反应蛋白7A域在IMN发病机制中的研究日趋完善,对IMN的临床诊疗产生了重要影响。随着中性内肽酶、外泌素1和外泌素2、神经源性表皮生长因子样分子1、信号素3B、神经细胞黏附分子1、III型转化生长因子β受体、原钙粘蛋白7、丝氨酸蛋白酶高温重组蛋白1、网织蛋白G1、原钙粘蛋白FAT1、接触素1等新的生物标志物相继被发现,MN精准诊疗的潜在靶点不断丰富。本文就上述生物标志物的特点、临床意义及最新进展进行综述。

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a common immune kidney disease and one of the important causes of adult end-stage renal disease. Timely diagnosis, standardized treatment and regular follow-up are related to the prognosis of patients. The research on the pathogenesis of MN of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor and Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A has become increasingly perfect, which has an important impact on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of IMN. Along with neutral endopeptidase, Exostosin 1/Exostosin 2, Neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 proteinhave, Semaphorin 3B, Neural cell adhesion molecule 1, Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 3, Protocadherin 7, high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1, Netrin G1, Pro-tocadherin FAT1, and contactin-1 have been found, and the potential targets for accurate diagnosis and treatment of MN are increasingly enriched. This article reviews the characteristics, clinical sig-nificance and recent progress of the above biomarkers.