去骨瓣减压术在儿童脑部疾病中的应用及预后研究进展

Progress on the Application and Prognosis of Decompressive Craniectomy in Children with Brain Diseases

某些严重的脑部疾病通常有较高的致残率及致死率,例如创伤性脑损伤、脑动静脉畸形、脑卒中以及颅内感染等。这些疾病原发损害和继发性病变有可能造成颅内压升高,有些难治性颅内高压将形成脑疝,最终导致死亡。去骨瓣减压术可减轻颅内压,作为挽救这些严重颅内病变患儿生命的一种拯救式治疗方法收到了广泛的关注,但其应用价值仍存在争议。该文就去骨瓣减压术在不同儿童严重脑部疾病中的应用情况、治疗效果、手术时机、适应证及并发症等进行综述。

Some serious brain diseases, such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral arteriovenous malformation, stroke, and intracranial infection, usually have a high rate of disability and mortality. The primary and secondary lesions of these diseases may cause increased intracranial pressure, and some re-fractory intracranial hypertension will form cerebral herniation and eventually lead to death. De-compressive craniectomy can reduce intracranial pressure, which has received extensive attention as a life-saving treatment for children with severe intracranial lesions, but its application value is still controversial. This article reviews the application, therapeutic effect, surgical timing, indica-tions and complications of decompressive craniectomy in different children with severe brain dis-eases.