多发性骨髓瘤导致肾损害的发病机制及诱发因素

The Pathogenesis and Predisposing Factors of Kidney Damage Caused by Multiple Myeloma

肾脏损伤是多发性骨髓瘤最常见的并发症之一,是多发性骨髓瘤患者预后不良的因素之一,可作为多发性骨髓瘤的首发临床表现,已有相关研究证明肾损伤是导致多发性骨髓瘤患者死亡的独立危险因素,即使在新型抗肿瘤药物引入后多发性骨髓瘤合并肾脏损伤的患者总生存期较前得以改善,但较无肾损害的多发性骨髓瘤患者仍较差。本综述就多发性骨髓瘤导致肾损害的危险因素、发病机制及诱发因素展开论述,为临床早期预防多发性骨髓瘤相关肾损害、改善多发性骨髓瘤患者肾功能以及多发性骨髓瘤整体预后提供指导价值。

Kidney injury is one of the most common complications of multiple myeloma, one of the poor prognosis factors in patients with multiple myeloma, and can be the first clinical manifestation of multiple myeloma. Relevant studies have proved that kidney injury is an independent risk factor for death in patients with multiple myeloma, even though the overall survival of patients with multiple myeloma complicated with kidney injury is improved after the introduction of new anti-tumor drugs, but it was still worse than patients without renal damage. This review discussed the risk factors, pathogenesis and inducement factors of multiple myeloma-induced renal impairment, providing guidance value for early clinical prevention of multiple myeloma-related renal impair-ment, improvement of renal function in patients with multiple myeloma and overall prognosis of multiple myeloma.