右江民族医学院师生对遗体器官捐献认知和意愿的调查及分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Cognition and Willingness of the Teachers and Students of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities to Body Organ Donation

为了解2022年右江民族医学院师生对遗体器官捐献的认知和意愿,2022年5月至11月通过问卷星App发放问卷随机调查647名右江民族医学院师生对遗体器官捐献的认知和意愿,获得有效问卷638份。在遗体器官捐献的认知中,女性比男性更关注中国人体器官捐献中心,且女性对遗体器官捐献的了解程度多于男性,34.33%不知道中国人体器官捐献管理中心,63.64%对器官遗体相关法律不了解,58.62%对遗体捐献流程几乎不了解。在遗体捐献的意愿中,68.5%同意遗体捐献,69.75%不反对家人或者亲人遗体捐献;影响遗体器官捐献的因素中知识普及不到位、了解程度低(74.29%)以及受文化风俗影响(66.93%)是师生认为导致遗体捐献数量少的主要原因,其次,40.75%师生对遗体器官捐献最不能接受的是器官捐献后患者症状没有改善,对接收机构不信任占37.46%,遗体捐赠后被泡进福尔马林液用于观察研究,认为尊严有损占31.03%,没有顾虑占24.61%;86.37%认为应有一定经济补偿或表彰或经济补偿和表彰。对此相关部门应普及高校师生遗体器官捐献的法律、机构和流程等方面知识,完善相应补偿政策和法律法规,提高遗体器官捐献的社会认可度和认知度,保护好捐献者及其家属的正当权益,与各级医疗部门做好接轨工作,以提高遗体器官的捐献率。

In order to understand the cognition and willingness of teachers and students of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities on body organ donation in 2022, a random survey was conducted on 647 teachers and students of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities on body organ donation through Wenxing App from May to November 2022, and 638 valid questionnaires were obtained. In terms of the cognition of body organ donation, women pay more attention to China’s body organ donation center than men, and women have a higher understanding of body organ donation than men, 34.33% do not know China’s body organ donation management center, 63.64% do not know the relevant laws of body organ donation, and 58.62% have little understanding of the body dona-tion process. Among the willingness to donate remains, 68.5% agreed with the donation and 69.75% did not oppose the donation of the remains of family members or relatives;among the fac-tors that affect the donation of body organs, the lack of knowledge, the low level of understanding (74.29%) and the influence of cultural customs (66.93%) are the main reasons that teachers and students believe lead to the low number of body donation. Secondly, 40.75% of teachers and stu-dents are most unacceptable to the donation of body organs because the symptoms of patients after organ donation have not improved, and 37.46% of them do not trust the receiving institution. After body donation, they are soaked in formalin solution for observation and research, 31.03% believed that their dignity was damaged, and 24.61% did not worry;86.37% believed that there should be some economic compensation or commendation or economic compensation and commendation. In this regard, relevant departments should popularize the knowledge of laws, institutions and pro-cedures of the donation of body organs of college teachers and students, improve the corresponding compensation policies and laws and regulations, improve the social recognition and recognition of the donation of body organs, protect the legitimate rights and interests of donors and their families, and do a good job of connecting with the medical departments at all levels to improve the donation rate of body organs.