501例皮肤浅部真菌病及致病病原菌分析

Analysis of 501 Cases of Superficial Mycosis of Skin and Pathogenic Bacteria

目的:了解本院皮肤科浅部真菌病的种类及致病菌种的构成等。方法:从2021年7月~2022年6月在本院皮肤科门诊就诊的患者中,收集真菌镜检阳性且做真菌培养阳性的患者共501例,对其致病种类及致病菌种进行分析。采用spss23.0统计软件对结果进行统计分析。结果:501例病例中男性274例,女性228例,年龄分布2~89岁。分离出致病菌种12种,其中红色毛癣菌最多为146例,其次为马拉色菌135例、须癣毛癣菌80例、酵母菌78例、曲霉菌30例、毛霉菌10例等;致病种类中体癣230例,其次为甲癣132例、手足癣115例、其他24例;男性体癣患者(n = 145, 52.59%)的比例明显高于女性体癣患者(n = 85, 37.44%);而女性甲癣患者(n = 75, 33.04%)的比例明显高于男性甲癣患者(n = 57, 20.80%),二者对比有统计学差异(P < 0.05);不同性别对致病菌种分析差异无统计学意义。结论:本院皮肤科浅部真菌病以体癣最多,其次为甲癣,主要致病菌为红色毛癣菌,其次为马拉色菌。浅部真菌病及主要致病菌与国内的主要流行趋势和分布特点大体一致,但也有自身的特点。

Objective: To study the species of superficial mycosis and the composition of pathogenic bacteria in dermatology department of our hospital. Methods: A total of 501 patients with positive fungal mi-croscopy and culture were collected from the patients treated in the dermatology outpatient de-partment of our hospital from July 2021 to June 2022, and their pathogenic types and pathogenic bacteria were analyzed. spss23.0 statistical software was used to analyze the results. Results: Among the 501 cases, 274 were males and 228 were females, ranging in age from 2 to 89 years. Twelve pathogenic bacteria were isolated, of which 146 were Trichophyton rubrum, followed by Malassezia 135, Trichophyton trichophyton 80, yeast 78, Aspergillus 30, mucor 10, etc. The patho-genic type was tinea corporis in 230 cases, tinea unguium in 132 cases, tinea of feet and hands in 115 cases and others in 24 cases. The proportion of male tinea corporis patients (n = 145, 52.59%) was significantly higher than that of female tinea corporis patients (n = 85, 37.44%). The proportion of female tinea unguium patients (n = 75, 33.04%) was significantly higher than that of male pa-tients (n = 57, 20.80%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);there was no sig-nificant difference in species analysis between different genders. Conclusion: In the dermatology department of our hospital, tinea corporis was the most common superficial mycosis, followed by tinea cress. The main pathogenic bacteria were Trichophyton rubrum, followed by Malassezia. The superficial mycosis and its main pathogenic bacteria are generally consistent with the main epi-demic trend and distribution characteristics in China, but they also have their own characteristics.