基于GBD数据分析全球利什曼病疾病负担趋势

Analysis of Global Leishmaniasis Burden Trends Based on GBD Data

背景:利什曼病是一种虫媒传播的自然疫源性疾病,在全球96个国家流行。本研究通过使用利什曼病的全球疾病负担(global burden of disease, GBD)数据,描述全球利什曼病流行现状和趋势,为利什曼病的防控提供理论支持。方法:通过检索2019年GBD数据库利什曼病的发病率、伤残调整寿命年(disability- adjusted life year, DALYs)和社会人口学指数(socio-demographic index, SDI),统计描述全球1990年至2019年利什曼病流行趋势及年龄、性别差异,研究利什曼病发病率与SDI之间的关系。结果:1990~2019年利什曼病发病率呈下降趋势;全球利什曼病发病人数与年龄负相关,男女无明显差异;随着SDI值的增加,利什曼病的ASIRs呈先升高后下降趋势。结论:通过分析GBD数据库,1990年至2019年间全球利什曼病发病率和DALYs下降,但在部分国家仍保持流行,需要重点关注中低SDI区域利什曼病流行病学,对于公共卫生防控具有重要意义。

Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne natural foci disease that is endemic in 96 countries. The research used the database of global burden of disease (GBD) to describe the global epidemic and trend of leishmaniasis between 1990~2019 and provided theoretical support for the preven-tion and control of leishmaniasis. Method: GBD 2019 provided the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIRs), age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate, all aged incident cases and DALYs, with socio-demographic index (SDI). We analyzed the global leishmaniasis prevalence trend age and sex differences from 1990 to 2019 and the relationship between ASIR and SDI in 2019. Result: The incidence of leishmaniasis decreased from 1990 to 2019 and was negatively correlated with age, with no significant difference between men and women. ASIRs of leishmaniasis increased first and then decreased with the increase of SDI. Conclusions: According to GBD database, the inci-dence and DALYs of leishmaniasis decreased globally from 1990 to 2019, but remained prevalent in some countries. It is important to focus on leishmaniasis epidemiology in low and medium SDI re-gions, which is of great significance for public health prevention and control.