甲状腺疾病与乳腺癌关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Thyroid Diseases and Breast Cancer

近年来甲状腺疾病与乳腺癌的关系一直备受人们关注。由于甲状腺和乳腺这两个腺体都受下丘脑–垂体–腺体轴调控,所以甲状腺疾病和乳腺疾病两者存在某种共同的病因。因此研究两者的关系对于进一步了解肿瘤的生物学行为有着重要的意义,也有助于两种疾病的诊断和临床管理。该研究总结了甲状腺功能减退、自身免疫性甲状腺炎和甲状腺癌等甲状腺疾病在乳腺癌发病中的作用以及相关机制的研究进展。认为甲减可能减低乳腺癌的风险,自身免疫性甲状腺炎通过免疫系统参与乳腺癌的发生发展,甲状腺癌与乳腺癌之间存在双向联系。

In recent years, the relationship between thyroid disease and breast cancer has attracted much at-tention. Because both thyroid gland and mammary gland are regulated by the hypothala-mus-pituitary-ggland axis, thyroid disease and mammary gland disease have some common cause. Therefore, the study of the relationship between the two is of great significance for further under-standing the biological behavior of tumors, as well as for the diagnosis and clinical management of the two diseases. This study summarized the role of thyroid diseases such as hypothyroidism, au-toimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and the research progress of related mechanisms. It is believed that hypothyroidism may reduce the risk of breast cancer. Autoimmune thyroiditis participates in the occurrence and development of breast cancer through the immune system. There is a two-way relationship between thyroid cancer and breast cancer.