高脂饮食与抑郁症的相关性及机制研究进展

Research Progress in the Correlation and Mechanism between High-Fat Diet and Depression

抑郁症是严重精神疾病之一,因其患病率高、复发率高以及自杀致残率高的特点给社会带来极大负担。如今快节奏生活导致人们承受更大的心理压力,更有甚者会导致抑郁症、焦虑症以及躁郁症等精神疾病的发生。已有确凿证据,饮食习惯与抑郁的关系紧密相关,不当饮食是抑郁症的危险因素,健康饮食对抑郁症具有积极正面的影响。同时,抑郁症患者常出现营养问题,如肥胖和代谢综合征等。随着人们生活水平的提高,饮食多元化的发展,高脂饮食在饮食结构中所占比例越来越大,而高脂饮食可导致动物出现焦虑抑郁的情绪已得到广泛证实,但高脂饮食对抑郁症的影响机制尚不明确。本文基于过往文献资料综述梳理了高脂饮食与抑郁症之间的关联性,及高脂饮食诱导抑郁症的发病机制。

Depression is one of the serious mental illnesses, which brings a great burden to the society because of its high prevalence, high relapse rate and high disability rate of suicide. Today’s fast- paced life leads to greater psychological stress, which can even lead to depression, anxiety and bipolar disor-der. It has been conclusively proven that dietary habits are closely related to depression, that im-proper diet is a risk factor for depression, and that a healthy diet has a positive impact on depres-sion. Also, depressed patients often have nutritional problems, such as obesity and metabolic syn-drome. With the improvement of people’s living standards and the development of diversified diets, high-fat diets are taking up an increasing proportion of the dietary structure, and it has been widely confirmed that high-fat diets can lead to anxiety and depression in animals, but the mechanism of the effect of high-fat diets on depression is unclear. This paper compares the association between high-fat diet and depression and the pathogenesis of high-fat diet-induced depression based on a review of previous literature.